Bronchiectasis
COPD
Asbestosis
TB
Pulmonary embolism (bloody sputum)
…
Cystic fibrosis
Kartagener’s
Measles
Tuberculosis (TB)
CVID
Hypogammaglobulinaemia
Chronic alcoholics
GERD
Inflammatory bowel Disease
Sputum culture, & cytology
CXR: ring shadows and tramlines
HRCT: signet ring sign ( thicker and dilated bronchi ) , see picture above
Physiotherapy
Antibiotic for exacerbation
Long-term low dose azithromycin
Bronchodilator and inhaled steroid
Surgery
Hymoptysis ( mycotic aneurysm )
Amyloidosis ( do urine for protein )
Cor pulmonale ( loud p2 )